Quantitative comparative analysis of selected species of gastrointestinal archaea among patients with newly diagnosed celiac disease and analysis of the dynamics of changes over time while using a gluten-free diet

Project manager: Agnieszka Krawczyk, M.A
Implementation period: 2020 - 2021

 

The composition of the gastrointestinal microbiota is of fundamental importance in maintaining the internal balance and human health, and the quantitative and/or qualitative change of microorganisms is an important factor inducing pathological processes. A thorough understanding of the interactions between microorganisms and the host organism can provide new information on the etiology of diseases, and as well as new ways of preventing and treating certain diseases. Recently, much attention has been paid to the role of intestinal dysbiosis in the induction of celiac disease (CoeD). While the involvement of bacteria or fungi in the pathogenesis of CoeD is an increasingly common subject of research, it has not been taken into account so far. the role of archaea, which are also an important component of the intestinal microbiota, and whose involvement in the pathogenesis of many chronic diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease, obesity, and diabetes, seems to be significant. It is possible that a change in the number or composition of arechaea among people genetically predisposed to CoeD, may be of fundamental importance in activating gluten-specific T cells by modifying gluten peptides and increasing their immunogenicity. The fundamental problem in assessing the possible role of these microorganisms in the pathogenesis of human diseases is the difficulty in determining their presence and number, as most of them belong to the group microorganisms that cannot be cultivated on artificial substrates. Detailed research, in which it is possible to assess not only the presence and number of archaea, but also determine the species, is carried out using molecular biology techniques. Detection of possible archaebiome abnormalities may allow in the future to implement preventive measures to prevent modification of the gastrointestinal microbiota. Analysis of the dynamics of changes in the number of archaea over time - during the use of a gluten-free diet - will allow us to determine whether possible dysbiosis is a factor triggering the development of celiac disease or is it an effect of the use of a gluten-free diet. Therefore, the aim of this study was a qualitative and quantitative analysis selected archaeal species among CoeD patients using the qPCR technique.